Turkey, as one of the region's industrialized countries and major markets, is an attractive destination for Iranian export goods. With a population of over 85 million people, a strategic location between Asia and Europe, and advanced transportation infrastructure, Turkey offers many opportunities for Iranian exporters.
The rising demand in Turkey for certain Iranian products such as foodstuffs, petrochemicals, building materials, and minerals has further increased the importance of exporting to this country.
Market Analysis and Selecting the Right Product for Export
The first step in exporting to Turkey is a thorough analysis of the Turkish market. Understanding Turkish consumer needs, competitive pricing, product standards, and awareness of international competitors in Turkey are crucial.
For instance, goods like dried fruits and nuts, building stones, petrochemical products, minerals, herbal medicines, garments, and light industrial goods from Iran have a good chance in the Turkish market. In addition, checking Turkey’s customs tariffs on its official customs website is very helpful for making export decisions.
Obtaining a Commercial Card
To initiate any formal exports, possessing a commercial card is essential. This card is issued by the Iran Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture and authorizes international trade activities.
The commercial card must be issued in the name of the exporter (individual or company), and is necessary for order registration, currency receipt, and customs formalities.
Order Registration on the National Trading System
Every item intended for export must be registered on the Iran National Trading System (www.ntsw.ir) . This process records detailed information about the goods, destination, value, and other details.
Order registration is mandatory for statistical monitoring, export licensing, and obtaining the necessary permits based on the product type.
Preparing Export Documents
The documents required for exporting goods to Turkey include:
- Commercial Invoice: Contains complete information about the seller, buyer, type and quantity of goods, price, and shipping terms.
- Packing List: Indicates the type of packaging, the number of packages, net and gross weight, and their dimensions.
- Certificate of Origin: Proves the origin of production, issued by the Chamber of Commerce.
- Customs Declaration: Official registration of goods information with Iranian customs.
- Special Permits (if required): Such as health certificate, quarantine permit, standard certification, etc.
- International Bill of Lading (BL or CMR): Depending on the means of transport (road, sea, rail, or air).
- Export Insurance Policy: Covers risks during transportation.
Customs Procedures and Dispatch of Goods
Once documents are prepared and goods are packed, the exporter must go to the departure customs (such as Bazargan, Razi, Sarv, or Khoy customs offices).
At this stage, documents are checked, physical inspections are carried out, and an exit permit is then issued. There are typically no duties, taxes, or tariffs imposed on most exported goods at Iranian customs, but accuracy in documentation is vital.
Transport Routes from Iran to Turkey
Iran and Turkey share several land borders, which facilitates easy and fast exports:
1. Road Transport
The main route is via trucks and trailers passing through:
- Bazargan Border (West Azerbaijan): The busiest trade border between Iran and Turkey
- Razi Border (Khoy)
- Sarv Border (Urmia)
This method is more economical and flexible for large shipments.
2. Rail Transport
Freight trains depart for Turkey via Tabriz and Razi railway stations. This approach is suitable for heavy and bulk goods.
3. Air Transport
For lightweight and high-value goods, Imam Khomeini International Airport to Istanbul and Ankara can be used.
4. Sea Transport
From Imam Khomeini Port or Rajaei Port (Bandar Abbas) to the Turkish ports of Mersin and Izmir, this route is an alternative for bulky or containerized shipments.
Financial Transactions and Payment Receipt
There are two main methods for financial settlements:
- Wire Transfer or Foreign Exchange Payment: Usually in euros or US dollars, to bank accounts in Turkey or other countries.
- Settlement through Exchange Services: Using licensed exchange offices for quick currency transfers.
Given Iran’s banking restrictions, using reliable and secure exchange services is very common.
Main Advantages and Challenges of Exporting to Turkey
Advantages:
- Geographical proximity and extensive land borders
- Growing domestic consumption in Turkey and demand for particular Iranian goods
- Ease of transportation
- Continuous economic relations
Challenges:
- Complex Turkish customs regulations
- High standards requirements
- Intense competition with European and Asian exporters
- Currency transfer issues and international sanctions
SharMarket
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On SharMarket, members can easily interact and begin new partnerships while the site helps increase awareness of different brands and products in international markets. This platform is especially a powerful and effective tool for those looking to expand their global business.
Conclusion
Exporting goods from Iran to Turkey, if done with thorough market research, compliance with standards, proper documentation, and correct procedures, can be profitable, sustainable, and highly effective. The proximity of the two countries, multiple borders, and Turkey's diverse economic opportunities make it one of Iran’s main export destinations.
With proper planning, consulting business experts, and adherence to the laws of both countries, Iranian exporters can secure a greater share of Turkey's market.
